- Standard stair dimensions in cm Below, we explore these dimensions in detail, accompanied by formulas and examples to facilitate accurate calculations. Jul 19, 2023 · Open stair risers with closed stringers present a visually light and modern staircase design. 4 cm) and allowable nosing overlaps of 1”-1. The general guideline for residential stairs includes: Riser Height: 150-200 mm (6-8 inches) Tread Depth: 250-300 mm (10-12 inches) For stairs serving a single user (typically private residential), a minimum of 36” (91 cm) is required. Standards exist to ensure a consistent and safe stair-climbing experience. 5 inches (24 cm) following OSHA 1910. OSHA 1910. 1910. The tread is the horizontal part that you step on, while the riser is the vertical section between each tread. Tread size influences the user's foot placement, with sufficient depth necessary for secure footing. This conventional element is paired with sawtooth stringers. The standard dimensions for stair treads and risers in the United States typically follow the “7-11 rule”: a 7-inch rise (the vertical height of each step) and an 11-inch run (the horizontal depth of each step). Jul 19, 2023 · Angled stair risers with closed stringers are an architectural design technique that gives stairs a dynamic and modern aesthetic. Flush mount: in a standard mount, the last tread is one step below the floor level. 2 cm . 2024/02/stairs101. This includes standard tread length, step height, and the standard dimensions of steps. Feb 21, 2025 · This diagram provides a comprehensive breakdown of factors affecting comfort and safety when using stairs. Ensuring the right dimensions can make a staircase safe and comfortable to use. So, what is the standard stair height? As a general rule, the standard stair height is 82 cm or 32 inches. 4: 11: 28: 7: 18: 10 ft: 3: Egress For stairs serving a single user (typically private residential), a minimum of 36” (91 cm) is required. 5”-4” (3. So, total steps = 20 x 1. 8 Jul 19, 2023 · Sawtooth stringer are named for their jagged edge resembling a saw's teeth. The dimensions of a staircase directly impact its usability and safety. In terms of standard stair sizes, the rise, run and tread depth needs to be taken into account. 4cm) is directed by the normal grown-up foot size, despite the fact that it isn't important to have the option to accommodate your whole foot on a tread all together for strolling up the stairs to be both agreeable and safe. 8 cm) and Download scientific diagram | Dimensions of the stairs used in experiment 6. The riser height (max 7¾ins / 19. Type: Stair Width : Stair Tread : Stair Riser Sizes : Stairs height : in: cm: in: cm: in: cm: feet: meters: Standard Stair: 36: 91. IBC 1011. Jul 8, 2021 · A range of standard dimensions are in place that need to be followed when stairs are designed and built. 8 cm) and allowable nosing overlaps of 1”-1. However, there are some exceptions to this rule. Serving as the top, graspable part of a railing system, or independently affixed to walls, handrails assist in maintaining balance, preventing falls, and aiding mobility. Nosing Closed Stair Profiles are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1”-1. 4. For both residential and commercial buildings, complying with local building codes is crucial. The standard height of each step is: 13-15 centimeters for outdoors spaces. When are Stair Handrails Required? Each flight of stairs having four or more risers must be provided with handrails on not less than one side per Section R311. In residential settings, stairs are generally narrower, catering to fewer occupants. Staircases with improper dimensions can lead to accidents, making it difficult for users to navigate them comfortably. 25(c)(3) requires standard stairs to h ave a minimum tread depth of 9. Zigzag stringers mirror the sequential alternation of treads and absent risers. Handrail Grip Size. Together, they determine the comfort and safety of the staircase. In groups R-3, R-2, and U auxiliary occupancies, the maximum riser height is 7-3/4 inches. Aug 27, 2024 · U. If you think about it, you Nov 13, 2022 · The standard stair height. See more ideas about staircase, stair plan, stairway design. 78 cm), respectively. However, the general relationship between riser and tread is given by: (2 x Riser) + Tread = Step Length Stair tread dimensions, measaurements & step construction details & code specifications: This document provides building code specifications for stair treads: sketches, photographs, and examples of defects used in inspecting the step design on indoor or outdoor stairs and their treads, including the requirements for a projecting stair tread nose and the tread nose shape and dimensions. 2 cft. This design enhances safety, as the rounded edge can help prevent tripping and lessen the impact in case of a stumble. 18. They are structural elements that provide stability and support to the handrails, balusters, and the staircase itself. 5 inches (around 18 to 19 cm) high. 5 inches (19 cm) high. 7cm) while the tread must have a minimum of 10 inches (25. Find and save ideas about stair dimensions on Pinterest. Oct 30, 2023 · Newels, or newel posts, are the substantial vertical posts used at the beginning, end, or turns of a staircase. 6° angle or 64% rise stairway built using stair treads that are 11" deep and stair risers of 7" in height. There are several different types of stairs, each of which serves a specific purpose and is more or less appropriate for different contexts. stairs standard dimensions - Google Search The tread size (min 10ins/25. Open Zigzag Stair Profiles are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1. 5. Oct 30, 2023 · Handrails are an integral component in construction, providing grip and support along staircases and inclined paths. 5” (2. Comfortable two person stair widths range between 49” (125 cm) to 60” (152 cm). Stairs are a fundamental architectural element in buildings, providing safe and efficient vertical circulation. Public stairs means stairs used by large numbers of people at one time, e. Stair Width: 90–120 cm (35–47 inches) Width for single-user stairs; wider for public use. The risers are flat and perpendicular to the treads, offering a clean, straight edge profile. Stair treads and risers are fundamental components of a staircase. This article discusses the standard sizes of stairs according to building regulations and the nomenclature of their components. 5”-4. [ATTACH] [ATTACH] Bonjour, Je suis en train de rénover une grange avec mon mari et on veut faire un escalier en béton afin d'accéder du garage à la Oct 26, 2024 · Metric Stair Layout Calculator Total Rise (Height of Stairs in cm): Run per Step (Tread Depth in cm): Rise per Step (Height per Step in cm): Calculate Stair Layout Based on the search results, I've compiled a table with key metric unit measurements for stairs in the UK. For convenience and flexibility, this stair stringer calculator comes in two forms: automatic and manual. The minimum clearance above each stair is 2. Typically, there are three in a staircase: one on each side, and Feb 10, 2025 · Finding the Right Balance: Standard Stairs Step Size. 24. Square Nosing Stair Treads are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1”-1. Standard residential building staircase dimensions for treads are around 10 inches (25 cm) deep, with risers typically about 7. 4 cm) wide, treads at least 10 inches (25. Dec 26, 2023 · The Standard Stair Dimensions Here are the common sizes for residential stairs: Width: 36 to 48 inches. In case of flight, number of treads = riser - 1. The Switchback stair dimensions. Semi-public stairs means stairs used by larger numbers of people, some of whom may be unfamiliar with the stairs, e. Discover the latest design trends on Stair101 Sep 9, 2024 · Discover the essential staircase dimensions and building codes in the USA. Angle: the inclination angle of the staircase. (Similar to the above standard [7] The Circular Staircase View our standard dimensions for traditional 1 inch stair treads and retro-fit stair treads. 8. Let's delve deeper into the key aspects of stair dimensions. Aug 27, 2024 · Standard Treads and Risers for Stairs: A Guide to US Building Codes and Design. Apr 21, 2023 · The Importance of Stair Dimensions in Staircase Design Minimum Staircase Width. 7 cm) high at most. S. Conversely, in commercial or public buildings, wider stairs are necessary for larger numbers of people. Common challenges with stair rise and run include unique architectural constraints and outdated building codes, leading to safety issues and non-compliance. g. They ensure comfort and safety for all users. Switchback stairs, named for their sharp turns, have the same IRC size requirements as standard and egress stairs: 6 inches (91. These stair thread dimensions are based on residential building codes and provide optimal comfort and safety. Riser Height: 15–18 cm (6–7 inches) The vertical height between two treads. Important Points. The gait parameters assessed are shown in the respective parts of the figure. The standard size for a staircase in a residential home is typically between 9 and 12 feet long; although, this can vary depending on The Essential Stair Dimensions. Stairs should blend design and function. 5” (6. To ensure safety, accessibility, and usability, stair dimensions must comply with building codes. Yet, homeowners may choose to go wider. Square stair tread nosings are characterized by a distinct, right-angled edge at the junction of the tread and the riser. Despite the name "cushion," these nosings are made of wood, maintaining a consistent aesthetic with the staircase. Landing Length: Equal to stair width For stairs serving a single user (typically private residential), a minimum of 36” (91 cm) is required. Aug 28, 2018 · Standard stair dimensions call for an 11 inch tread with the minimum measurement being 10 inches. Sep 8, 2024 · Winder Stairs: Stairs with winding or curved sections require special attention to tread and riser dimensions to ensure safety and comfort. The design lacks vertical risers, promoting an open, airy feel and enhancing light flow. Oct 10, 2022 · Standard stairs must have a maximum riser height of 9. Oct 30, 2023 · Stairs, stairways, staircases, or stairwells, are building components that provide users with a means of vertical movement with the distribution of separate and individual vertical steps. 4-11. 16 cm) and 7 inches (17. 5 inches (19 cm), measured at a point 12 inches (30 cm) from the narrower edge; 1910. Stringer: A stair stringer is a structural member that supports the treads and risers of a staircase. Notes to the table above. Headroom Clearance. Staircase Sep 9, 2024 · Learn about standard stair dimensions in the USA, including width, riser height, and tread depth, as per the IRC building code. While often summarized as a simple 7-inch rise and 11-inch run, the standard dimensions for stairs in the USA are more nuanced and governed by a combination of building codes, safety considerations, and evolving design trends. Also see the standard dimensions of risers and stair moulding as well. For residential stairs, a rise between 7 and 8 inches (18–20 cm) is typical, while commercial stairs may require different dimensions depending on local regulations. Building Codes and Staircase Dimensions. Each tread/going measured 28. Staircase Headroom – the staircase headroom is the vertical distance between the top of the stair tread and the bottom of the overhead ceiling. 25 inches (3. The stair calculator calculates stair rise and run, stair angle, stringer length, step height, tread depth, and the number of steps required for a given run of stairs. 94cm) run. Angled Closed Stair Profiles are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1”-1. Source: inspectapedia. The minimum stair width for residential buildings typically stands at 36 inches. Flat Sawtooth Stair Profiles are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1”-1. Standard Size; Staircase Width: 36 inches minimum: Riser Height: 7-3/4 inches maximum: Tread Depth: 10-11 inches: Headroom Clearance: 6 feet 8 inches minimum: 1 Sep 9, 2024 · What is the Standard Rise and Run of Stairs? A Deeper Look at Staircase Dimensions and Safety. Open risers lack the solid vertical component, providing a sense of openness and improving the flow of light. Jul 19, 2023 · Flat stair risers with sawtooth stringers amalgamate traditional staircase form with a contemporary twist. Open Sawtooth Stair Profiles are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1. The beveled angle reduces the abruptness of the step edge, aiding in a more comfortable footfall and lessening trip hazards. Mar 31, 2024 · It also accommodates various users and furniture sizes. The risers include a "nosing" - a projection of the tread over the riser below, enhancing grip and safety. Stair railing dimensions Explore the standard sizes and dimensions for stairs, essential for planning your staircase design. OPINION: among common stair dimensions, angles, or slopes, we prefer the 32. May 28, 2024 · The tread is the part of the stair where you step, while the riser is the vertical portion between each tread. Spiral, ship, or alternating tread-type stairs are used only when the employer can demonstrate that it is not feasible to provide standard stairs. Dive into the world of reinforced concrete (RCC) structures, known for their durability and adaptability in modern construction. Modern Nosing Stair Treads are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1”-1. Despite the risers being open, closed stringers on either side encase the stair treads. However, for more exact measurements, the riser should not be higher than 7 3/4 inches (19. Nosing Sawtooth Stair Profiles are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1”-1. In a flush mount Spiral stairs feature steps revolving around a central axis, while straight ones are categorized into single-flight, double-flight, and triple-flight, each flight with not more than 16 steps. 8 cm) and allowable nosing Mar 31, 2024 · Critical dimensions play a key role in staircase design. 2 cm) and Jul 19, 2023 · Open stair risers with a mono stringer create a sleek, modern aesthetic. The headroom is the vertical space between the stair tread and the ceiling above it Consider the following dimensions: - Tread depth: at least 10 inches - Riser size: at least 7 inches - Length from bottom to top: 10 feet or 3 meters Stair Width Dimensions: The standard width is 36 inches or wider, as per IRC and local building codes. In general public spaces a minimum of 44” (112 cm) must be met—providing ample space for one person and allowing the tight passage of two people. Minimum Run: The minimum run is usually Jul 31, 2024 · Stair stringer: it's the construction that the steps are mounted on. Importance of Proper Staircase Design. Jul 19, 2023 · Flat stair risers with closed stringers adhere to a more traditional staircase design, embodying simplicity, function, and classic style. Typically, the rise on a residential staircase is 7 to 7. Additionally, stair dimensions must adhere to local building codes to Stair treads and risers are fundamental components of a staircase. Sep 20, 2024 · The rise (step height) and run (step depth) should follow standard guidelines to ensure ease of use. 00 meters in public buildings, taking into consideration Dec 7, 2022 · 49. Bevel Nosing Stair Treads are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1”-1. Treads should be at least 10 inches deep, while risers should be between 7 and 8 inches high to provide a balanced and stable step. Also, headroom and landing space requirements. This design blends safety and elegance. 5 cm and Oct 30, 2023 · Stair treads and risers are fundamental components of a staircase. Stair treads have a minimum allowable depth of 11” (28 cm) with riser heights between 4”-7” (10-18 cm Standard size of stairs:- as per Indian National Building Code 12. 1. Higher rises create steeper stairs that can be challenging and potentially hazardous. The term newel is often used interchangeably with stair post. Open Floating Stair Profiles are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 2. The square profile provides a clear boundary between the tread and riser, enhancing safety by visually defining each step. Regulations often dictate this size. It should provide proper graspability which the code recognizes a Type I and Type II handrail to have. 4 centimeters. Related: Twin Bed Size Chart: Single bed dimensions guide, IKEA Hemnes Daybed Size and Measurements. 52) inches high measured from the top of the treads, with a diameter between 1. 8-10. Landings should be at least as wide as the staircase and a minimum of 36 inches (91 cm) in length. Straight stairs are the most common type. Landing: a platform connecting two flights of stairs. 5 Apr 23, 2018 · Depending on the use and local regulations, a minimum width of 80 cm is recommended for stairs in single-family homes, and greater than 1. The standard tread size is 10 inches minimum, or 25. These include tread depth and riser height. 5-3. Understanding the standard staircase dimensions is essential for both safety and usability in residential and commercial buildings. Below is an in-depth analysis of each element: 1️⃣ Standard Step Length Formula (Schrittmaßregel) 2×s+a=59 to 65 cm s (Riser Height – Steigung): The vertical distance between two consecutive steps. 2 cm The encyclopaedia of practical carpentry and joinery : comprising the choice, preservation, and strength of materials, explanations of the theory and practical details, a complete system of lines for the carpenter, joiner, & staircase builder, together with an account of the improvements effected in England and on the continent, and illustrations of the most remarkable executed works : Tarbuck Jul 19, 2023 · Nosing stair risers with closed stringers embody a traditional, functional staircase design while enhancing comfort and safety. The open risers lend an airy, floating quality to the staircase, enhancing light flow. This extended nosing enhances safety by clearly demarcating the edge of the tread, reducing trip risks. Design dimensions This is the height of one step going up as compared to the other step. Standard Stair Width The standard stair rise is typically around 7 inches, and the run is usually about 11 inches, crucial for safety and comfort in stair design. Closed stringers run along both sides. Round stair tread nosings feature a curved, rounded edge on the outer part of each stair tread, creating a smooth transition from the tread to the riser. Jul 19, 2023 · Nosing stair risers with sawtooth stringers blend traditional staircase features with a contemporary edge. Jun 18, 2024 · The standard measurements for stair treads and risers ensure that stairs are safe, comfortable, and meet building codes. in places of public assembly. Have a minimum headroom above spiral stair treads of at least 6 feet, 6 inches (2 m), measured from the leading edge of the tread; 1910. The risers are cut at angles instead of perpendicular to the treads, creating an unconventional and visually interesting appeal. 8 cm) and allowable nosing overlaps of 1 Cushion stair tread nosings, in this context, refer to a small protruding wooden nose profile affixed to the edge of each stair tread. The rise is the vertical distance between two consecutive steps. Designing a staircase is not just about aesthetics; it must meet building safety standards to prevent accidents and ensure smooth access between different levels of a building Oct 30, 2023 · Stair types refer to the design and layout of a set of stairs. The open risers omit the solid vertical component, fostering an airy feel and promoting light passage. Most humans can safely dip their feet half a feet or more without having strain or tipping over. When it comes to building stairs, there are certain standard dimensions that must be taken into consideration. Rise. Angled Sawtooth Stair Profiles are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1”-1. 7cm) is limited by the way in which we come down the stairs. Dec 23, 2024 · 3. Building codes in the U. Tread Depth And Riser Height. 675 inches (6. The standard stairs step size should provide a balance between rise and run, ensuring comfortable foot placement. These dimensions are important for safety and comfort when using stairs. Jul 19, 2023 · Open stair risers with zigzag stringers deliver a striking modern aesthetic with a rhythmic visual effect. These stairs appear to 'float' as they are anchored solely to a wall, leveraging the principle of cantilever to support the treads. When it comes to handrails the code is very specific on this. Jun 13, 2024 · The standard minimum dimensions for commercial stair landings are typically equal to the width of the stairway and at least 44 inches in depth perpendicular to the direction of travel. Height: 7 to 8 inches. The risers feature a "nosing" – a protrusion on the tread edge, extending slightly over the riser beneath. 18 cm) and 2. Stairways guardrail and handrails. Conclusion Stair Dimensions for Straight Stairway Runs: Stair width, landing length (0. Sawtooth stringers, named for their jagged silhouette, support each tread. A good staircase tread allows the majority of your foot to have enough room to rest on the stair. The maximum allowable riser angle is 30 degrees). 38 ° comfortable staircase formula (r + g): The straight staircase is the simplest staircase design. 16-18 cm for inside houses 15-17 cm for indoors public access spaces (for example, a school with many floors) up to 22 cm for indoors staircases that are lacking space, and emergency exits. Cushion Nosing Stair Treads are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1”-1. 6 cm) on any stairway. Accessibility: If the staircase needs to be accessible to people with disabilities, additional considerations apply, such as wider dimensions, specific handrail designs, and potentially the inclusion of Jul 19, 2023 · Open floating stair risers introduce a sleek, minimalist design, often seen in contemporary architecture. Round Nosing Stair Treads are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1”-1. Choosing the Right Staircase for Different Spaces. a (Tread Depth – Auftritt): The horizontal distance from the front edge to the We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Source: www. They affect Jul 19, 2023 · Open stair risers with sawtooth stringers manifest a unique blend of modern design and structural efficacy. Mar 12, 2023 · According to the German standard DIN 18065, the recommended height range for handrails in a staircase is between 80-115 cm above the edge of the treads for adults To prevent little children from climbing over railings, DIN 18065 requires a minimum height of 65 - 75 cm for children handrails in addition to the conventional handrailing Nov 18, 2024 · Tread depth, riser height, and nosing design are critical elements that ensure staircases are safe and comfortable to use. 4 cm blondel's formula (2r + g): The walkine is located 50 cm (20) from the inner handrail or in the centre if the stair width is less than 1m (40). Conclusion. All risers and all goings in the same flight of stairs shall be of uniform dimensions within a tolerance of ±5 mm. Tread depth, typically between 10 and 11 inches in residential stairs, provides adequate space for a user’s foot to rest securely, reducing the risk of slipping. Two important factors are tread depth and riser height. 79 cm). Let’s explore the ideal dimensions behind stair design. Feb 7, 2019 · How Many Cm Are A Standard Stair Rise And Run? A standard stair rise and run in the US generally follows a 7-11 rule, meaning a 7 inch (17. This table covers the essential information you Nov 23, 2024 · Stairs Dimensions: Building the Perfect Staircase Building stairs requires precision and planning. 1, for normal residential, standard width of staircase shall be 3 feet 6 inches (105 cm), minimum width of tread or run without nosing shall be 250 mm (10″), if nosing require then it will be 10 1/4″ (260mm) and standard height of Riser shall be 7″ (180mm). 8 cm). This is the height from the top of the stair tread to the nosing. 25(c)(2). 5 inches (24 cm). 7. Aesthetically, it adds a bold, linear detail to the staircase. For stairs serving a single user (typically private residential), a minimum of 36” (91 cm) is required. Stair dimensions can be categorized into several key measurements. Similarly, handrails must be between 34 and 38 (96. 4 cm) deep, and the risers 7. Here we explore the maximum and minimum space for staircase and the minimum and maximum measurements allowed for each stair component. 25(e) Ship stairs. The mono stringer, a single, centrally-located structural element, supports the treads, providing the necessary stability. Except where there is a fixed structure within 100 mm of the stairway stile, stairways and stairway landings shall be provided with guardrailing on any exposed side. On the other hand, the limit of the rise of each stair is controlled by how we climb down the stairs. pinterest. Nov 3, 2024 · Standard Stair Dimensions. 25(d)(5) Have a uniform tread size; 1910. 25(b)(9) When paragraph (b)(8) of this section allows the use of spiral, ship, or alternating tread-type stairs, they are installed, used, and maintained in accordance with manufacturer's Beveled stair tread nosings feature a subtle angle under the flat, protruding nosing, connecting the tread to the riser. 25(d)(4) Have a minimum tread depth of 7. 26 = 25. in factories, offices, shops, common stairs serving more than one dwelling or apartment. Depth: 10 to 11 inches. com Stair tread and riser sizes are integral to staircase design, balancing comfort, safety, and accessibility. Landing Dimensions. Minimum headroom clearance is usually 80 inches (203 cm). 4cm) is dictated by the average adult foot size, although it is not necessary to be able to fit your entire foot on a tread in order for walking up the stairs to be both comfortable and safe. The dimensions of treads and risers must be balanced. 1. In buildings, a flight of stairs refers to a complete series of steps that connects between two distinct floors. Stair widths in construction are crucial in ensuring safety, accessibility, and efficient flow of foot traffic. Understanding the standard dimensions of commercial stairs is essential for creating safe, functional, and compliant staircases in commercial buildings. 8 cm) and Jan 18, 2025 · Standard Dimension Description; Tread Depth: 25–30 cm (10–12 inches) The horizontal surface where the foot rests. standard residential staircase dimensions - Google Search. com. 0m. Minimum And Recommended Sizes. 78cm) rise and an 11 inch (27. 2 stipulates that the minimum and maximum stair riser heights must be 4 inches (10. Jan 8, 2021 · Under OSHA, a standard stair means a fixed or permanently installed stairway that is not an alternating tread stair, ship stair, or spiral stair. For stairs serving a single user (typically private residential), a minimum of 36” (91 cm) is See full list on designingidea. The tread size (min 10ins / 25. set standards for stair dimensions to ensure safety and accessibility: Maximum Rise: The maximum allowable rise per step is typically 7 ¾ inches. Click on the [?] icons to determine the best calculator for your stairs. 75 inches (19. Nosing: the portion of the stair tread that overhangs the front of a riser. Open Closed Stair Profiles are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1. Standard Staircase Dimensions in Vietnam. 8 cm Whether you’re renovating a hazardous and outdated set of stairs or you’re simply redesigning them for a richer appeal, knowing the average length of a staircase is a crucial part in ANY staircase renovation. jpg Stair101 2024-09-09 10:08:38 2024-09-09 10:08:38 Are stairs a Feb 15, 2025 · (Rise in cm) + (Tread in cm) = 40 to 45 (Rise in cm) × (Tread in cm) = 400 to 450 (2 × Rise in cm) + (Tread in cm) = 60; Take rise = 140 mm and going = 300 mm as standard. Sawtooth stringers are defined by their distinctive jagged profile. Flat Closed Stair Profiles are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1”-1. Tread Thickness: 1 to 1 ¼ inches. A standard staircase must meet specific measurements. Open Mono Stair Profiles are constructed with typical stair tread thicknesses between 1. 4cm). Standard Stair Dimensions The dimensions of a May 25, 2015 - Required size of staircases in the US. The risers are flat and perfectly perpendicular to the treads, providing a familiar staircase profile. ohrmrrr evtp buhoks mmo eaenod fcdj juylqpg zdwli wetil ydkbe qyug fmti fqyws qifhg xoxxj